What is the impact of cardiovascular disease on arteries?

The correct answer highlights that cardiovascular disease leads to the narrowing and hardening of arteries, a condition commonly known as atherosclerosis. This process involves the buildup of fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances on the artery walls, which ultimately restricts blood flow. As the arteries narrow, they cannot transport blood as efficiently, which can lead to various cardiovascular problems, such as heart attacks and strokes.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the effects of cardiovascular disease. For instance, arteries becoming wider and more flexible is typically a characteristic of healthy, well-functioning arteries, not of those affected by cardiovascular disease. The generation of more blood cells and an increase in blood oxygen levels are unrelated to the structural changes in the arteries due to cardiovascular diseases. Thus, understanding the implications of arterial narrowing and hardening is crucial for recognizing the risks and managing cardiovascular health properly.